ABSTRACT
Background: Insulin and thyroid being intimately involved in cellular metabolism, excess or deficit of one of these hormones leads to abnormality of the other. Association between type 1diabetes and hypothyroidism may be autoimmune. Association of poorly controlled diabetes and thyroid results in a low T3 state and loss of TSH response to TRH. The objective of the present endeavor is to study the thyroid functions in diabetics and to know the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in DM.Methods: It is a prospective cross-sectional study of 100 diabetic patients admitted in medical wards in a duration of 6 months from November 2017 to May 2018 of both sexes in between age group of 30-80years. All these patients underwent thyroid profile tests. Detailed history and examination done on these patients.Results: Out of total 100 patients included in the study, thyroid disorder was present in 29%. Hypothyroidism in 1 patient, sub clinical hypothyroidism in 15 patients, hyperthyroidism was present in 13 patients. Females (36%) had high incidence than males (22%). Elderly people had higher incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism (18.2%), clinical features of hyperthyroidism present in 8 patients, Poor hypoglycemic control seen in hyperthyroid individuals (55.5%). Duration of diabetes had no relation with incidence of thyroid disorders.Conclusions: Prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients was 29%. Elderly population had more incidence. Subclinical hypothyroidism more common than other conditions. It was more common in females than in males. There is no relation in between duration of diabetes and thyroid disorder. Severe complications were noted in patients with sub clinical hypothyroidism.
ABSTRACT
Background: Iron deficiency anaemia still remains the most common cause of anaemia not only in India but also world over. According to world heath report, there are 1,788,600 people in this world suffering from Iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia is foremost prevalent disease-causing morbidity in world and therefore it is always absolutely necessary to detect this particular condition in early stages before the eventual development of various dreadful complications like Heart failure and Myocardial infarction. The aim of the study is to find incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in patients with hypo proliferative anaemia presentation, with a possible iron deficient state, by analyzing the haematological and biochemical parameters.Methods: The study was conducted from November 2017 to May 2018 for a period of 6 months which included 50 subjects from both sex groups, aged 20-80 years with the diagnosis of hypo proliferative anaemia.Results: The study results indicate that females (60%) were significantly overrepresented compared to males (40%). Of the 50 subjects 38% were in stage of negative iron balance (stage1) and 32% were in stage of iron deficient erythropoiesis(stage2) and 30% were in normal stage.Conclusions: This Observational study showed a majority of patients with hypo-proliferative anaemia presenting at early stages of negative iron balance and iron deficient erythropoiesis thereby indicating the importance of initiating iron therapy at an early stage even without correlative iron studies.